Vitamin gives good nutrition
| Essential components of vitamin |
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Vitamins are documented as necessary nutrients, essential in the diet for good quality health. Vitamin-like composites that are suggested in the diet, such as carnitine, are idea useful for endurance and health, but these are not "important" food nutrients because the human body has some ability to create them from other composites. Moreover, thousands of dissimilar photochemical have just been exposed in food (particularly in fresh vegetables), which may have attractive possessions including antioxidant action; however, trial display has been evocative but questionable. Other vital nutrients that are not classified as vitamins include vital amino acids chlorine, important fatty acids, and the minerals. |
Effects of vitamin deficiency |
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Vitamin lack may cause in disease forms, counting goiter, scurvy, osteoporosis, damaged immune system, disarrays of cell metabolism, definite shapes of cancer, indications of early aging, and deprived psychological health (including eating disorders), with many others. Surplus stages of some vitamins are also hazardous to health (notably vitamin A), and for at any rate one vitamin, B6, deadly begins at stages not far above the necessary amount. Lacking or surplus stages of minerals can also have severe health penalty |
Vitamin classification and their benefits |
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Vitamins are classified by their biological and chemical activity, not their structure. Thus, each "vitamin" refers to a number of vitamin compounds that all show the biological activity associated with a particular vitamin. Such a set of chemicals is grouped under an alphabetized vitamin "generic descriptor" title, such as "vitamin A", which includes the compounds retinal, retinol, and four known carotenoids. Vitamins by definition are convertible to the active form of the vitamin in the body, and are sometimes inter-convertible to one another, as well. |
Vitamins have diverse biochemical functions. Some have hormone-like functions as regulators of mineral metabolism (e.g., vitamin D), or regulators of cell and tissue growth and differentiation (e.g., some forms of vitamin A). Others function as antioxidants (e.g., vitamin E and sometimes vitamin C). The largest numbers of vitamins (e.g., B complex vitamins) function as precursors for enzyme cofactors, that help enzymes in their work as catalysts in metabolism. In this role, vitamins may be tightly bound to enzymes as part of prosthetic groups: For example, biotin is part of enzymes involved in making fatty acids. Vitamins may also be less tightly bound to enzyme catalysts as coenzymes, detachable molecules that function to carry chemical groups or electrons between molecules. For example, folic acid carries various forms of carbon group – methyl, formyl, and methylene – in the cell. Although these roles in assisting enzyme-substrate reactions are vitamins' best-known function, the other vitamin functions are equally important. |
Until the mid-1930s, when the first commercial yeast-extract and semi-synthetic vitamin C supplement tablets were sold, vitamins were obtained solely through food intake, and changes in diet (which, for example, could occur during a particular growing season) can alter the types and amounts of vitamins ingested. Vitamins have been produced as commodity chemicals and made widely available as inexpensive semisynthetic and synthetic-source multivitamin dietary supplements, since the middle of the 20th century. |
The term vitamin was derived from "vitamine," a combination word made up by Polish scientist Casimir Funk from vital and amine, meaning amine of life, because it was suggested in 1912 that the organic micronutrient food factors that prevent beriberi and perhaps other similar dietary-deficiency diseases might be chemical amines. This proved incorrect for the micronutrient class, and the word was shortened to vitamin. |
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